EU: Current status of pesticide residues in food

The latest annual report from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) indicates that the health risks posed by pesticide residues in food remain low, consistent with previous assessments. In 2023, EFSA conducted a comprehensive analysis of thousands of samples from widely consumed food items, enhancing our understanding of pesticide levels in the food supply.  

EFSA's report is based on data collected through both random and targeted monitoring programs. In total, 13 246 random samples were taken from EU Member States, Norway, and Iceland as part of the EU-coordinated control program (EU MACP). This program focuses on monitoring the same food products every three years, enabling the tracking of trends over time. For 2023, the selected items included carrots, cauliflowers, kiwis, onions, oranges, pears, potatoes, dried beans, brown rice, rye, bovine liver, and poultry fat.  

The findings reveal that 99% of the samples complied with EU regulations, a figure that mirrors the compliance rate from 2020. Notably, 70% of the samples showed no detectable pesticide residues, while 28% contained residues within legal limits. However, 2% of the samples exceeded the maximum residue levels (MRLs), with only 1% considered non-compliant after accounting for measurement uncertainties.  

In addition to random sampling, EFSA's report also includes data from the Multiannual National Control Programme (MANCP), which focuses on targeted sampling based on specific risk factors.  

EFSA has also conducted a dietary risk assessment to evaluate consumer exposure to pesticide residues. The results suggest a low probability of consumers encountering pesticide levels above safety thresholds, reinforcing the overall conclusion of minimal risk to public health.  

The report emphasizes the need for continued vigilance and improvement in monitoring systems. EFSA recommends that Member States enhance investigations into specific pesticide and crop combinations that lead to non-compliance. Additionally, ongoing monitoring of imported food items is crucial to ensure comprehensive safety standards.    

Source:  

EFSA