US: New study reveals toxic heavy metals in protein supplements
A recent study by the nonprofit Clean Label Project has raised concerns about toxic heavy metals, such as lead and cadmium, found in protein powders commonly used for muscle building.
The Clean Label Project conducted over 35 862 tests on contaminants, including heavy metals like lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury, as well as bisphenols (BPA and BPS). The analysis reviewed more than 160 products from 70 leading brands, revealing that 47% exceeded California's Proposition 65 safety limits for these contaminants, with 21% of samples surpassing two times the Prop 65 levels. Interestingly, organic protein powders averaged three times more lead and double the cadmium compared to their non-organic counterparts. Plant-based protein powders were particularly concerning, containing up to three times more lead than whey-based options. Additionally, chocolate-flavored protein powders were found to have significantly higher cadmium levels than vanilla-flavored varieties.
The presence of these contaminants is primarily attributed to contaminated soils and unsafe farming techniques, with heavy metals accumulating in the environment due to both natural processes and human activities such as mining and industrial operations. The Clean Label Project highlighted the absence of comprehensive federal regulations specifically targeting heavy metals in dietary supplements, stressing the urgent need for stricter safety standards.
On a positive note, the report indicated significant progress regarding bisphenols, which are known endocrine disruptors. In 2024, only three out of 160 products tested contained these harmful substances, a marked improvement from 55% in 2018. The packaging has been identified as the primary source of these contaminants.
Despite these findings, there are currently no comprehensive federal regulations in the US specifically addressing dietary exposure to heavy metals in food, with most safety efforts focused on physical and microbiological contaminants. However, recent discussions in Congress and the FDA are pushing for stricter standards regarding heavy metals and industrial chemicals in food products. States like California have implemented regulations, such as Prop 65, which requires businesses to warn consumers about significant exposures to chemicals that can cause cancer or reproductive harm.
This study serves as a critical reminder for consumers, manufacturers, and regulators to prioritize transparency and safety in the supplement industry. Given the widespread use of protein powders, the presence of these harmful contaminants raises important questions about their overall safety. The Clean Label Project advocates for proactive measures to ensure the integrity of dietary supplements, calling for informed dialogue among stakeholders to redefine safety standards in the marketplace.
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