Study reveals health risks posed by nanoplastics absorbing toxic metals

Recent research highlights a troubling aspect of nanoplastics: their ability to absorb toxic heavy metals such as lead, posing significant health risks. This study, conducted by researchers at the New Jersey Institute of Technology, emphasizes the urgent need to address the dual threats of plastic pollution and heavy metal toxicity.  

Plastic waste is a major environmental challenge, with millions of tons produced annually. Much of this waste breaks down into smaller particles known as microplastics and nanoplastics, which are less than 1 000 nanometers in size. These particles can infiltrate the human body through various channels, including food, water, and air.  

The study, published in ACS ES&T Water, investigated how nanoplastics generated from everyday plastic materials like polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), and polypropylene (PP) could interact with heavy metals. Using a novel salt milling technique, the researchers created nanoplastics directly from real-world plastic waste, allowing them to avoid additional chemicals. The focus was on the ability of these nanoplastics to adsorb harmful metal ions.  

Results revealed that nanoplastics have a remarkable capacity to attract and retain heavy metals, particularly lead. Polypropylene nanoplastics, in particular, demonstrated exceptional efficiency, absorbing over 99% of lead ions within just five minutes. This suggests that the interaction between nanoplastics and heavy metals is not only strong but also potentially dangerous, as these particles could transport toxins deeper into living organisms, contributing to bioaccumulation.  

The implications of these findings are significant. With nanoplastics already detected in human blood and feces, their capacity to carry toxic metals raises serious concerns about potential health impacts. The researchers warn that as these particles enter the body, they may exacerbate the harmful effects of heavy metals, leading to increased risks of various health issues.  

As awareness of plastic pollution continues to rise, this study underscores the importance of not only reducing plastic waste but also understanding the intricate ways in which these materials can interact with other environmental toxins. The findings serve as a reminder of the broader implications of plastic use and the urgent need for comprehensive solutions to protect public health and the environment.  

Source:  

ACS ES&T Water